体育比赛规则的核心是什么

所谓体育的核心手段，应该是为实现体育目的的最根本的手段，或者说是本质的手段。体育的核心手段是身体运动。严格讲，人体的运动包括有意思的身体运动和无意识的身体运动：有意识的身体运动又可以分为运动系统的运动和其他系统的运动.

体育有什么规则

第一，体育规则是由体育单项协会制定的该体育项目技术要求、比赛方式以及违规的处理等方面的规定。其目的是规范竞争并控制运动员的行为。

第二，体育规则是竞赛所有参加人必须遵守的行为准则。参加人对规则的遵守，包括对技术要求的尽可能符合和对行为要求的严格遵守。

一穿到底团队游戏规则

一圈到底游戏介绍：

人与人之间通过沟通互相了解，达成共识。此游戏旨在检视一个团队中人员彼此沟通的状况，同时帮助畅通沟通渠道，以推动今后的相互协作。拓展小游戏一圈到底人与人之间通过沟通互相了解，达成共识。这是一个拓展训练中很常见的呼啦圈小游戏，游戏规则是所有学员手拉手围成一圈，在规定时间内，用呼啦圈穿过所有人的身体回到原位。

一圈到底游戏目的：

1、锻炼创新能力。

2、提升团队协作能力。

3、具备良好的心态和竞技状态。

4、使学员彼此以非语言形式进行沟通，以高难度沟通形式完成低难度活动。

英文名字缩写规则

1 姓名缩写只缩写名而不缩写姓；

2 无论东西方人，缩写名的书写形式都是姓在前、名在后；

3 杂志作者名中，全大写一定是姓；

4 省略所有缩写点

如 R. Brain Haynes缩写为Haynes RB, Edward J. Huth缩写为Huth EJ等。

但有些特殊情况：

(1)Maeve O'Conner, 正确缩写应为O'Conner M, 有人会按英文的构词习惯认为是印刷错 误，认为Oconner M

(2)国外也有复姓，如Julie C. Fanbury-Smith, Hartly Lorberboum-Galski等分别缩写 为Fanbury-Smith JC, Lorbertoum-Galski HL

(3)姓名中含前缀De,Des,Du,La,Dal,La,Von,Van,den,der等，将前缀和姓作为一个整体，按字顺排列，词间空格和大小写字母不影响排列，如Kinder Von Werder缩写为Von W erder K,不可写为Werder KV.

(4)国外杂志要求作者署名后给出作者学位和加入的学会，学位与学会名也是用缩写。学 位常见的有PhD（哲学博士）, SM(理科硕士）MBA（管理学硕士）等，学会名称的缩写一 般采用首字母缩写，如Royal Society of Chemistry缩写为RSC等。一篇论文作者署名为 Edward J. Huth, MD, PhD,ICMJE则表示Edward J. Huth是作者名，MD和PhD表示该作者 是医学博士和哲学博士，ICMJE表示该作者是国际医学期刊编辑委员会委员。在著录参考文献时，该作者缩写Huth EJ。

值得注意的是，中国人在国外杂志发表文章，署名名前姓后，在国内则姓前名后，这样 做，国外人会认为不是同一个作者，如Lihuang Zhong,国外人会认为，中国人习惯姓前 名后，会将其缩写为Lihuang Z,关于中国人名的缩写，国际著名检索刊物如CA BA等也经常搞错。为了准确判断作者的姓和名，现在有不少杂志开始把作者的姓全大写，以此进行区别，收到较好的效果。另外，国外杂志的目录往往只提供作者的缩写名，这给我们准确缩写国外人名提供了重要依据。

英语第三人称单数的规则口诀

动词三单现在时，

一般词尾加S。

S、X、CH、SH在词尾，

直接加上es。

词尾若是字母O，

加上es不用愁。

词尾若是辅音加y，

变y为i是正规，

es在后紧跟随，

study——studies看明白。

否定疑问请does，

动词直接用原形。

人教版新标准八年级上册英语不规则动词表

一共才100多个,一起背了它对你很好处的

你要excel表格我可以发给你

Infinitive 不定式 Past Tense 过去式 Past Participle 过去分词

abide abode, abided abode, abided

alight alighted, alit alighted, alit

arise arose arisen

awake awoke awoke, awaked

be was, were been

bear bore borne, born

beat beat beaten

become became become

befall befell befallen

beget begot begotten, begot

begin began begun

behold beheld beheld

bend bent bent

bereave bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft

beseech besought, beseeched besought, beseeched

beset beset beset

bespeak bespoke bespoken, bespoke

bespread bespread bespread

bestrew bestrewed bestrewed, bestrewn

bestride bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode

bet bet, betted bet, betted

betake betook betaken

bethink bethought bethought

bid bade, bid bidden, bid

bide bode, bided bided

bind bound bound

bite bit bitten, bit

bleed bled bled

blend blended, blent blended, blent

bless blessed, blest blessed, blest

blow blew blown

break broke broken

breed bred bred

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted

browbeat browbeat browbeaten

build built built

burn burnt, burned burnt, burned

burst burst burst

buy bought bought

can could -

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

chide chid, chided chid, chidden, chided

choose chose chosen

cleave cleaved, cleft, clove cleaved, cleft

cleave clave cloven

cling clung clung

clothe clothed, clad clothed, clad

come came come

cost cost cost

creep crept crept

crow crowed, crew crowed

cut cut cut

dare dared, durst dared

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

dispread dispread dispread

do did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

dwell dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

flee fled fled

fling flung flung

fly flew flown

fly fled fled

fly flied flied

forbear forbore forborne

forbid forbade, forbad forbidden

forecast forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted

fordo fordid fordone

forego forewent foregone

foreknow foreknew foreknown

forerun foreran forerun

foresee foresaw foreseen

foreshow foreshowed foreshown

foretell foretold foretold

forget forgot forgotten, forgot

forgive forgave forgiven

forsake forsook forsaken

forswear forswore forsworn

freeze froze frozen

gainsay gainsaid gainsaid

get got got, gotten

gild gilded, gilt gilded

gird girded, girt girded, girt

give gave given

go went gone

grave graved graven, graved

grind ground ground

grow grew grown

hamstring hamstringed, hamstrung hamstringed, hamstrung

hang hung hung

hang hanged hanged

have had had

hear heard heard

heave heaved, hove heaved, hove

hew hewed hewed, hewn

hide hid hidden, hid

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

inlay inlaid inlaid

keep kept kept

kneel knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled

knit knitted, knit knitted, knit

know knew known

lade laded laded, laden

lay laid laid

lead led led

lean leaned, leant leaned, leant

leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped

learn learnt, learned learnt, learned

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

lie lied lied

light lit lit

light lighted lighted

lose lost lost

make made made

may might -

mean meant meant

meet met met

melt melted melted, melten

misdeal misdealt misdealt

misgive misgave misgiven

mislay mislaid mislaid

mislead misled misled

mistake mistook mistaken

misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood

mow mowed mowed, mown

must must -

ought ought -

outbid outbade, outbid outbidden, outbid

outbreed outbred outbred

outdo outdid outdone

outeat outate outeaten

outfight outfought outfought

outgo outwent outgone

outgrow outgrew outgrown

outlay outlaid outlaid

outride outrode outridden

outrun outran outrun

outsell outsold outsold

outshine outshone outshone

outshoot outshot outshot

outsit outsat outsat

outspend outspent outspent

outspread outspread outspread

outthrow outthrew outthrown

outthrust outthrust outthrust

outwear outwore outworn

overbear overbore overborne

overbid overbid overbidden, overbid

overblow overblew overblown

overbuild overbuilt overbuilt

overbuy overbought overbought

overcast overcast overcast

overcome overcame overcome

overdo overdid overdone

overdraw overdrew overdrawn

overdrive overdrove overdriven

overeat overate overeaten

overfeed overfed overfed

overfly overflew overflown

overgrow overgrew overgrown

overhang overhung overhung

overhear overheard overheard

overlade overladed overladed, overladen

overlay overlaid overlaid

overleap overleapt, overleaped overleapt, overleaped

overlie overlay overlain

overpay overpaid overpaid

override overrode overridden

overrun overran overrun

oversee oversaw overseen

oversell oversold oversold

overset overset overset

oversew oversewed oversewed, oversewn

overshoot overshot overshot

oversleep overslept overslept

overspend overspent overspent

overspread overspread overspread

overtake overtook overtaken

overthrow overthrew overthrown

overwind overwound overwound

overwrite overwrote overwritten

partake partook partaken

pay paid paid

precast precast precast

prechoose prechose prechosen

prove proved proved, proven

put put put

quit quitted, quit quitted, quit

read read read

reave reaved, reft reaved, reft

rebuild rebuilt rebuilt

recast recast recast

reeve rove, reeved rove, reeved

relay relaid relaid

rend rent rent

repay repaid repaid

reset reset reset

retell retold retold

rid rid, ridded rid, ridded

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

rive riven riven, rived

run ran run

saw sawed sawn, sawed

say said said

see saw seen

seek sought sought

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

sew sewed sewn, sewed

shake shook shaken

shall should -

shave shaved shaved, shaven

shear sheared shorn, sheared

shed shed shed

shine shone, shined shone, shined

shoe shod, shoed shod, shoed

shoot shot shot

show showed shown, showed

shred shredded, shred shredded, shred

shrink shrank, shrunk shrunk, shrunken

shrive shrove, shrived shriven, shrived

shut shut shut

sing sang, sung sung

sink sank, sunk sunk, sunken

sit sat sat

slay slew slain

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid, slidden

sling slung slung

slink slunk slunk

slit slit slit

smell smelt, smelled smelt, smelled

smite smote smitten, smote

sow sowed sown, sowed

speak spoke spoken

speed sped, speeded sped, speeded

spell spelt, spelled spelt, spelled

spend spent spent

spill spilt, spilled spilt, spilled

spin spun spun

spit spat, spit spat, spit

split split split

spoil spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled

spread spread spread

spring sprang, sprung sprung

stand stood stood

stave staved, stove staved, stove

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

sting stung stung

stink stank, stunk stunk

strew strewed strewn, strewed

stride strode stridden, strid

strike struck struck, stricken

string strung strung

strive strove, strived striven, strived

swear swore sworn

sweat sweat, sweated sweat, sweated

sweep swept swept

swell swelled swollen, swelled

swim swam swum

swing swung swung

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think tought thought

thrive throve, thrived thriven, thrived

throw threw thrown

thrust thrust thrust

tread trod trodden, trod

unbend unbent unbent

unbind unbound unbound

unbuild unbuilt unbuilt

underbid underbid underbidden, underbid

underbuy underbought underbought

undercut undercut undercut

underdo underdid underdone

underfeed underfed underfed

undergo underwent undergone

underlay underlaid underlaid

underlet underlet underlet

underlie underlay underlain

underpay underpaid underpaid

underrun underran underrun

undersell undersold undersold

underset underset underset

undershoot undershot undershot

understand understood understood

undertake undertook undertaken

underwrite underwrote underwritten

undo undid undone

undraw undrew undrawn

unfreeze unfroze unfrozen

ungird ungirded, ungirt ungirded, ungirt

unhang unhung unhung

unknit unknitted, unknit unknitted, unknit

unlade unladed unladed, unladen

unlay unlaid unlaid

unlearn unlearnt, unlearned unlearnt, unlearned

unmake unmade unmade

unreeve unrove, unreeved unrove, unreeved

unsay unsaid unsaid

unset unset unset

unsling unslung unslung

unspeak unspoke unspoken

unstick unstuck unstuck

unstring unstrung unstrung

unswear unswore unsworn

unteach untaught untaught

unthink unthought unthought

untread untrod untrodden, untrod

unweave unwove unwoven

unwind unwound unwound

upbuild upbuilt upbuilt

upcast upcast upcast

uphold upheld upheld

uppercut uppercut uppercut

uprise uprose uprisen

upset upset upset

upsweep upswept upswept

upswing upswung upswung

wake waked, woke waked, woken, woke

waylay waylaid waylaid

wear wore worn

weave wove woven

wed wedded, wed wedded, wed

weep wept wept

wet wetted, wet wetted, wet

will would -

win won won

wind winded, wound winded, wound

wit wist wist

withdraw withdrew withdrawn

withhold withheld withheld

withstand withstood withstood

work worked worked

work wrought wrought

wring wrung wrung

write wrote written